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  "path": "/news/alfredino-rampi-italy-marks-40-years-since-nation-shocked-by-vermicino-tragedy.html",
  "publishedAt": "2026-06-10T07:38:50.000Z",
  "site": "https://www.wantedinrome.com",
  "tags": [
    "News",
    "History"
  ],
  "textContent": "Italy looks back on the 45th anniversary of a tragedy whose doomed rescue attempts unfolded on live television.\nOn this day 45 years ago, a small boy fell deep into a well in a village near Frascati, about 20 km south-east of Rome.\n\nAlfredo Rampi, known as Alfredino, was six years old.\n\nOn the evening of 10 June 1981, the boy had asked his father if he could walk back across the field to the family's holiday house. It was a short walk and his father said yes.\n\nWhen his father returned home later there was no sign of Alfredino. His alarmed parents began looking for him and soon they were joined by a police search party.\n\nThe search party came across a well in adjoining property but initially it was excluded as it was covered with a sheet of metal weighed down with rocks.\n\nShortly afterwards, however, a firefighter insists on checking the well and, sticking his head into the abyss, he makes out the moans of Alfredino.\n\n'Mamma,' came the faint voice from far below.\nIt then transpires that the owner of the land had covered over the well, which was dug illegally, without realising that the little boy was trapped inside.\n\nAn emergency operation to save Alfredino begins.\n\nThe rescue is complicated from the outset: the mouth of the well is only 28 cm wide and the tunnel is 80 metres deep, with very irregular walls.\n\nAfter rescuers lower a lamp inside it is revealed that the child is stuck at a depth of about 36 metres, blocked by a recess. \n\nThe first attempt to save Alfredino turns out to be a disaster: the rescuers lower a wooden board into the well, to allow the child to cling to it, but it gets stuck at a depth of 24 metres and the rope tied to it snaps.\n\nThe well is now blocked.\nDuring the night, technicians from the state television broadcaster RAI arrive on site and, by lowering their equipment into the well, allow the rescuers to communicate with Alfredino.\n\nSpeleologists from the Alpine Rescue volunteer to lower themselves into the well in an attempt to remove the board blocking the rescue operation.\n\nThe attempts fail.\n\nIt is decided to start digging two tunnels, one vertical and one horizontal, in a bid to reach Alfredino who by now is asking for water.\n\nHowever the digging is hampered from the start by the tough terrain, then granite, which makes it difficult to tunnel.\n\nAlfredino, who suffers from congenital heart disease, drifts in and out of sleep.\n\nDay break, 11 June. Later in the morning RAI begins broadcasting live from the rescue site in Vermicino. The intention is to film the lead-up to the rescue of Alfredino, expected imminently.\n\nTragically, this does not go according to plan.\nAs the day goes by millions of people tune in to watch the rescue attempts. Thousands of people have gathered around the site to watch.\n\nRescuers work unceasingly, their work impeded frequently by technical obstacles. The cameras keep rolling.\n\nThe non-stop television coverage is attracting up to 21 million viewers at peak times. The then president of Italy, Sandro Pertini, visits the scene to offer comfort to Alfredino's parents.\n\nA visibly distraught Pertini vows not to move until Alfredino is rescued.\n\nThe boy's condition begins to deteriorate.\n\nThen, on the morning of 12 June (a day and a half after his fall) Alfredino stops responding to rescuers.\n\nBy that evening, the drilling of the tunnels is complete, with the horizontal tunnel reaching a depth of 34 metres.\n\nRescuers then make a terrible discovery.\nVibrations from the drilling have caused the boy to slip an estimated 30 metres further down the well.\n\nWith Alfredino now not responding and trapped about 60 metres below ground, the only option is to lower someone into the remaining part of the well.\n\nAfter multiple failed attempts by trained speleologists, rescuers began to choose the smallest, slightest men they could find, to fit into the narrow and increasingly deep abyss.\n\nA volunteer steps forward. His name is Angelo Licheri.\nHe has travelled from Rome specifically to offer his services.\n\nLiccheri strips to his underwater and is lowered into the shaft, upside down.\n\nAfter descending for 60 metres, Licheri reaches Alfredino who is very weak but still responsive.\n\nLicheri tries to lift the boy's spirits. He promises to buy him a new bicycle, that he will take him fishing.\n\nAll Licheri's attempts to place a harness on Alfredino fail, as do his sustained efforts to pull him upwards, out of the mud. Alfredino slips deeper.\n\nAfter 45 minutes - far more than the maximum 25 minutes considered safe for an upside-down mission - a desperate Licheri blows Alfredino a kiss, says \"Ciao piccolino\" and makes the agonising call to be lifted up without the boy.\n\nWhen Licheri resurfaces, he faints and would be hospitalised for a month from injuries sustained in his mission.\n\nSubsequent attempts by others to save Alfredino fail too. The last miniature volunteer to reach the boy was Donato Caruso. It was dawn on 13 June.\n\n\"He's not breathing.\"\nCaruso managed to secure Alfredino with handcuffs but his wrist slipped out and he fell further. Caruso could not budge his inert body from the mud.\n\nAfter lowering a sonar probe, doctors could not detect a heart beat.\n\nAlfredino Rampi was declared dead at 06.36 on Saturday 13 June. His death was announced live on air, through tears, by television presenter Massimo Valentini.\n\nAlfredino's body was not recovered until 11 July, a month after he fell.\n\nAftermath\nAlfredino's death would lead to the creation of Italy's civil protection agency.\n \nThe live broadcasting of the rescue attempt also triggered a major debate in Italy about media ethics and privacy.\n \nAlfredino Rampi is buried in Rome's Campo Verano cemetery.",
  "title": "Alfredino Rampi: Italy remembers tragedy of boy who died in well"
}