The present invention relates to a heating system (50) for a cabin (2) of an aircraft (1) comprising an annular heat exchanger (10) positioned around an exhaust duct (21) of a turbine engine (20) and through which circulate a heat transfer fluid (14) and ambient air (25). Said exchanger (10) comprises a rear envelope located at an outlet of said exchanger (10) and directing the ambient air (25) exiting said exchanger (10) toward said exhaust gases (15) exiting through said exhaust duct (21). Said exhaust gases (15) then generate a circulation of the ambient air (25) in said exchanger (10) by "Coanda effect". Said ambient air (25) circulating in said exchanger (10) is thus heated by convection from said duct (21) and said heat transfer fluid (14) is warmed on the one hand by radiation from said duct (21) and on the other hand by convection between said heat transfer fluid (14) and said ambient air (25).
