A temperature-controlled energy-storage (ES) system of a materials-handling vehicle comprises a plurality of ES modules, each ES module comprising a plurality of ES units. The ES modules may be secured within a substantially vertical stack. The ES modules may comprise temperature control (TC)…

A temperature-control (TC) system comprises a plurality of TC elements. Each TC element is attached to a respective energy storage (ES) unit. Each ES unit is part of an ES module of a materials-handling vehicle. The TC elements may be coupled to a heat exchange system in parallel via separate…