May sees 'highest-ever monthly inflow' of workers' remittances at $4.3bn

Workers’ remittances were recorded at $4.3 billion in May, registering growth on both a monthly and annual basis, according to data released by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) on Wednesday.

Adviser to the Finance Minister Khurram Schehzad also shared the data on X, stating that Pakistan had recorded its “highest-ever monthly remittance inflow in history”.

According to the SBP, the inflows…

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More 2nd Century Witnesses to Christ’s Deity

In this short post I will be citing excerpts from two early 2nd century writers on Christ’s Deity, the first will be from a Christian and the second from a pagan satirist. All emphasis will be mine.

Aristides the Philosopher

  1. Since, then, we have addressed you concerning God, so far as our discourse can bear upon him, let us now come to the race of men, that we may know which of them…
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The Christology of Pseudo-Clement

In this post I will be referencing two pseudonymous works attributed to St. Clement of Rome. Despite the fact that scholars question the authenticity of these writings, they still serve as an early witness, in fact a 2nd–4th century testimony, to the beliefs of the Christians which composed them. These sources show that the author(s) affirmed the essential Deity of Christ, his Incarnation and…

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Opinion: Trump’s executive order on AI isn’t worth the paper it’s written on

After weeks of dithering back and forth, the Trump administration has finally moved forward with an executive order on federal oversight of new AI systems. I’d applaud if the order was worth the paper it’s written on, but it’s not.

The context for this long overdue move was Anthropic’s unveiling of its AI system called Mythos, which apparently has an unprecedented ability to find and exploit…

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Eusebius on Nicaea

The letter was written by Eusebius of Caesarea to his congregation, explaining why he and the others fully embraced and consented to the initial creedal formulation of Nicaea. In so doing, Eusebius is shown to be a Trinitarian who did not teach that the Son and the Spirit are creatures which were brought into being from nothing (creatio ex nihilo). All emphasis will be mine.

Letter on the…

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Origen: Trinity, Creatio Ex Nihilo & the Church as Spiritual Israel Pt. 2

I continue from where I left off from Book II of Origen’s commentary on John: Origen: Trinity, Creatio Ex Nihilo & the Church as Spiritual Israel.

  1. The Word Was in the Beginning, I.e., in Wisdom, Which Contained All Things in Idea, Before They Existed. Christ's Character as Wisdom is Prior to His Other Characters.

So many meanings occur to us at once of the word arche. We have now to ask…

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Origen: Trinity, Creatio Ex Nihilo & the Church as Spiritual Israel

In this post I will be quoting from the Commentary on John (Origen).

The citations that I will be providing will help the readers see that Origen affirms,

The Monarchy (monarchia) of the Father, that he is the unbegotten Source of Divinity.

Christ is the uncreated Wisdom of God, being the timelessly begotten Son of the Father.

Christ is the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End, the…

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Augustine, Filioque & Economic Processions

The following excerpt is taken from St. Augustine’s On the Holy Trinity, Book 4. In it, the blessed saint reasons that the Father’s sending of the Son into the world is a sign and reflection of the Father’s having eternally begotten/generated the Son. Augustine takes this economic procession, e.g., the Father’s sending forth the Son to be born of a woman, as indicative of their eternal…

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Ignatius on Jesus’ Physical, Bodily Resurrection

In this post I will cite from a letter of St. Ignatius, the holy martyr of Christ and the Bishop of Antioch, being an eyewitness and pupil of the holy Apostles, who learned the faith directly from them. Ignatius testifies that Christ was raised in his physical, fleshly body, which he has now made immortal. All emphasis will be mine.

Chapter 1. Thanks to God for your faith

I Glorify God,…

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Origen: Monarchia & the Filioque

The following excerpts are from Origen’s Commentary on the Gospel of John. In this section, Origen will argue for the Father being stronger and greater than the Son, and the Spirit owing his existence/essence to the Son, and not just the Father alone. However, Origen makes it clear that he doesn’t mean this in terms of the Son and Spirit being created from nothing or creation, but in respect to…

Linus Rome's First Bishop, Clement’s Letter, Scriptures & Miracles

The following extracts are taken from Eusebius’ Church History. All emphasis is mine. 

Book III

Chapter 2. The First Successor to St. Peter in Rome. 

  1. After the martyrdom of Paul and of Peter, Linus was the first to obtain the episcopate of the church at Rome. Paul mentions him, when writing to Timothy from Rome, in the salutation at the end of the epistle.

Chapter 3. The Epistles of the…

Athanasius on the Ancient Basis for the Nicene Formula

This excerpt is taken from St. Athanasius who claims that the language adopted by Nicaea to describe the Son’s essential equality with the Father isn’t new but quite ancient, going back to at least 130 years earlier. Athanasius exposed the Arian heretics by appealing to an unbroken chain of Apostolic succession of Bishops to prove that the Church has always taught this truth about the Son.

With…

Chrysostom: St. Ignatius & Peter as the Master of the World

The following is taken from St. John Chrysostom’s Homily on St. Ignatius. All emphasis will be mine.

  1. And I will speak of a fourth crown, arising for us out of this episcopate. What then is this? The fact that he was entrusted with our own native city. For it is a laborious thing indeed to have the oversight of a hundred men, and of fifty alone. But to have on one's hands so great a city, and…
Early Church, the Cross, Deut. 28:66 & Jer. 11:19

In this post I will be looking at two OT texts, which the early Christians saw as foreshadowing Christ’s crucifixion. These early writers employed these particular verses as prophesying or prefiguring Christ’s death on a cross.

First Prophecy

I begin with the following reference from the Jeremiah:

“and I am as a lamb or a bullock brought to the slaughter; and I know not that they fabricate…

Ambrose, Augustine, Peter of Lombard on Gen. 1:26

In this post I will cite the works of three intellectual and spiritual giants of the Faith to show how they interpreted Genesis 1:26-27, particularly verse, where God uses plural pronouns when speaking of making man in the image and likeness of God. The readers will see that these magnificent men of the Church took the plural as proof that the Trinity created mankind in their image and likeness.…

St. Athanasius & Messianic Prophecies

In this post I will be quoting from St. Athanasius’ On the Incarnation of the Word. This great Trinitarian defender and Bishop of Alexandria, Egypt appealed to Messianic prophecies to prove that Jesus is the Christ and the Lord God whom the prophets foretold would come in the flesh and die for the sins of the world. The texts which Athanasius quoted include: Genesis 49:10; Numbers 24:5-17; Psalm…

St. Augustine on 1 Cor. 15:28 & Jesus’ Subjection to God

The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. All emphasis will be mine.

Chapter 8.— The Texts of Scripture Explained Respecting the Subjection of the Son to the Father, Which Have Been Misunderstood. Christ Will Not So Give Up the Kingdom to the Father, as to Take It Away from Himself. The Beholding Him is the Promised End of All Actions. The Holy Spirit is Sufficient…

Augustine, Hypostatic Union & Christ as Lesser than Himself

The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. Augustine will cite texts such as 1 John 5:20, where Jesus is called the true God and eternal life, to prove that Christ is one divine Person who operates in/by/through two natures since he is the God-Man. He will explain that Jesus, by virtue of becoming Man, not only became lesser than the Father and the Spirit, but also…

Jesus’ God: A Look into the Early Church

In this post I will quote from a few fathers and saints of the Church whom all believed that the reason the Son honored the Father as his God is because of the Incarnation, as a result of the eternal Word becoming flesh and taking on a human nature. All emphasis will be mine.

Hippolytus

  1. To grasp this divine mystery we must see the God in Him without ignoring the Man; and the Man without…
Insights from the Epistle of Barnabas

I will be quoting from the Epistle of Barnabas, which is a letter attributed to Paul’s companion that was composed somewhere between the middle and latter part of the first century AD. It contains a lot of allegorical interpretations of the Old Testament commandments and events, which the author connects to Christ, his commandments, and the Church. All emphasis will be mine.

Genesis 1:26 & Jesus…

Joshua as a Picture of Jesus & the Church as Israel

In this post I will be quoting from the works of Justin Martyr and Tertullian in respect to Old Testament prophecies and typology pointing to Christ. All emphasis will be mine.

One interesting typology that both of them employ is the case of Joshua, whom they not only take to be a picture of Jesus but as also foreshadowing Christ’s actual name. Both Justin and Tertullian argue that Joshua is the…

Opinion: Stop sliding, start deciding — why moving in ‘to save money’ may cost too much

Money — and the lack thereof — speaks loudly in America’s current marriage trends. A recent poll reported by The New York Times found that 1 in 3 cohabiting couples moved in together primarily to save money. And in this stressful and uncertain economy, nearly 40% of Gen Z singles say they would fast-track a decision to move in together with a romantic partner to save money.

Furthermore, about…

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Opinion: Why Yazidi persecution should matter to all believers

The rights of one religious minority group are inherently connected to the rights of another. No one, anywhere in the world, has to look very far from their own doorstep to see groups in need of justice and protection.

In 2018, senior ecclesiastical leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, including Sharon Eubank, director of Latter-day Saint Charities, and Elder Anthony…

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Justin Martyr, Messianic Prophecies & Acts of Pilate

The excerpts cited here are taken from St. Justin Martyr’s First Apology.

Justin appeals to Old Testament prophecies and to written records by Pilate, which were still in existence, to convince the Roman authorities of the divine origin and historicity of the Christian faith. Justin’s knowledge of Messianic prophecies is truly remarkable since he cites a plethora of OT texts to prove that Jesus…

Novatian, Trinity, Modalism, Hypostatic Union Pt. 2

I continue from where I previously left off: Novatian, Trinity, Modalism, Hypostatic Union.

Chapter 20.

It is Proved from the Scriptures that Christ Was Called an Angel. But Yet It is Shown from Other Parts of Holy Scripture that He is God Also.

But if some heretic, obstinately struggling against the truth, should persist in all these instances either in understanding that Christ was properly…

Novatian, Trinity, Modalism, Hypostatic Union

The quotations which I will cite here are taken from Novatian's Treatise Concerning the Trinity. All emphasis will be mine.

Novatian sets forth biblical texts to refute the modalist lie that Jesus is the Father. He instead proves that the Father, Son and Spirit are personally distinct and yet one and the same Divinity. Novatian also demonstrates that the Son is fully God and fully human, being…

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