在印度卡纳塔克邦的季风季节，一棵刺桐树绽放出花朵。图片来源：Timothy A. Gonsalves/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

A coral tree blooms during the monsoon in Karnataka, India. Credit: Timothy A. Gonsalves/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Crevasses on Greenland’s Store Glacier are seen here from an uncrewed aerial vehicle. Credit: Tom Chudley

Earth observation of aurorae taken from the International Space Station. Credit: NASA

2022年8月，NASA的朱诺号探测器自北向南（黄色轨迹）掠过木星大气层，探测到一系列来自闪电的无线电脉冲（青绿色圆圈）。哈勃太空望远镜提供的背景图将该闪电源识别为一个孤立的“隐形超级风暴”。插图显示了朱诺相机数据中先前观测到的隐形超级风暴的羽流。图片来源：NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Björn Jónsson (JunoCam)；Wong等人，2026，https://doi.org/10.1029/2025AV002083; 哈勃太空望远镜和朱诺号微波辐射计

New research suggests that wildfire potential can be modeled more accurately based on soil moisture than on vapor pressure deficit. Here, the 2003 West Kern Fire burns in California’s Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks. Credit: U.S. National Park Service, Public Domain

Illustration of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-on (GRACE-FO) satellites in orbit. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Credit: jamenpercy, Adobe Stock

Researchers used wind speeds, topography, and vegetation availability to model the outcomes of the January 2025 Los Angeles wildfires, including the Hughes Fire, seen here. Credit: Andrew Avitt, USDA Forest Service/Flickr, Public Domain

Credit: HAI DAO, Pixabay

Credit: DeRosevere, Pixabay

Credit: Findley Watt, Adobe Stock

Charged particles in Mars’s atmosphere disrupt the relentless flow of the solar wind, helping to form the Martian magnetotail. New observations may improve scientists’ understanding of the Martian magnetotail. Credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio

This map of the Amazon Basin shows how clouds (yellow and green areas) blanket the land but disappear over the rivers (dark purple lines). This sharp contrast is caused by the "river breeze," a natural airflow driven by the cooler water that prevents clouds from forming directly above the river channels. Credit: Christensen et al. [2026], Figure 2a

Credit: NASA

A glacier’s surface crevasses, seen here, form in response to faster flow and higher stresses. New research found that a key modeling variable may be causing scientists to underestimate ice flow. Credit: J. Millstein, CC BY 2.0

Credit: Dave Hoefler, Unsplash

NASA’s Juno spacecraft passed north to south (yellow track) over Jupiter’s atmosphere in August 2022, detecting a cluster of radio pulses from lightning (turquoise circles). A background map from the Hubble Space Telescope identified the lightning source as an isolated “stealth superstorm.” The inset shows a previous stealth superstorm plume from JunoCam data. Credit:…

This map shows, for a large number of locations across the conterminous United States, the correlation between the Leaf Area Index (LAI), which is a measure of leaf density, as calculated with the tree model that includes leaf shedding with observations of LAI from remote sensing. Correlations are very high, particularly in areas with drier climates. Credit: Quetin et al. [2026], Figure 1e

Credit: sxcd, Adobe Stock

This large, concentrated bloom of phytoplankton off the coast of France was captured from space. Phytoplankton rely on nitrate, phosphate, and other key nutrients dissolved in seawater; in turn, they are a key source of sustenance for other organisms, forming the base of the marine food web. Credit: NASA image by Jeff Schmaltz, LANCE/EOSDIS Rapid Response

Tracks of low-level cyclones during different weather regimes in the North Atlantic. Shown are the 500 hectopascal (hPa) Geopotential height anomalies (colors) and total winds (arrows), tracks of low-level weather systems (thin lines), and the jet-stream axis (red line) for the Atlantic Ridge regime. Credit: Tamarin-Brodsky et al. [2026], Figure 1a

Supraglacial rivers between seven supraglacial lakes in Greenland from high-resolution SkySat imagery. Credit: Ryan et al. [2026], Figure 5

Schematic diagram of the “wet-gets-drier” response found in the mock-Walker response to the warming Earth’s climate. Credit: Sokol et al. [2026], Figure 5

Estimates of the carbon flux for the Amazon region depend upon the scale and method by which they are measured. Panel A shows that a satellite-based method and biogeochemical models estimated a net release of carbon for the whole basin in 2023, although the satellite-based estimate was smaller (indicated by the sizes of the upward yellow arrows). Panel B also shows a net release of carbon (upward…

Conceptual representation of the changes in Hg redox chemistry between preindustrial (PI) _(A)_ and present day (PD) _(B)_. Including its impacts on human health through enhanced deposition in (sub)tropical ocean regions that are the primary source of Methylmercury (MeHg) in the human diet. Credit: Feinberg et al. [2026], Figure 2

Observed trend in atmospheric river duration (in hours per year) from 1940 to 2023. Hotspots are the North Pacific and North Atlantic, as well as the Southern Ocean, where an increase will be expected in the future with consequent increase in heavy precipitation. Credit: Scholz and Lora [2025], Figure 3a (modified)

Major tectonic features within the North American midcontinent. The red and purple stars mark the locations of the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District, with igneous intrusions at around 270 million years ago (Ma), and the Lake Ellen (Michigan) kimberlites with an age of 186-206 Ma. The inset diagram shows the geometry and Carboniferous faulting along the Ste. Genevieve Fault Zone. IB, MB, and WB…

Sentinel-2 satellite photo of the Palisades fire on 7 January 2025. Credit: NASA

A boomerang earthquake starts at one edge of a fault (yellow star) and initially ruptures in one direction (yellow to red crescents). After propagating forward, a secondary rupture travels backward through the already ruptured area (red crescent moving left), an effect that can increase ground shaking on geometrically simple faults. Credit: Sun and Cattania [2026], Figure 1