A computer that includes a processor and a memory, the memory including instructions executable by the processor to operate a system based on predictions output from the machine learning system including predicted states, actions, rewards, and costs, wherein the machine learning system includes a…

A method for an online, task-aware opponent modeling in autonomous racing is described. The method includes concurrently training an opponent-aware policy and an opponent-aware encoder using reinforcement learning. The method also includes calculating, by the opponent-aware encoder, opponent…

The present application discloses an automatic driving control method. In the method, parameters are optimally set by using a noisy and noiseless dual-strategy network, identical vehicle traffic environment state information is input into the noisy and noiseless dual-strategy network, a motion…