挪威的埃格尔松德岩脉系统形成于6亿多年前的埃迪卡拉纪时期。在一项新的研究中，研究人员从图中所示的岩脉中钻取岩石样本，以了解更多关于地球磁场历史的信息。图片来源：Yi Xue，CC BY 3.0

The Perseverance rover photographed the Margin Unit (Mars 2020 mission, sols 1005–1006) in the Jezero Crater. The inset images show spectroscopic mineral data from the rover’s SuperCam instrument suite. Credit: Navcam image: NASA/JPL-Caltech; SuperCam mosaics: NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/CNRS/IRAP

The first ocean olivine trial looked safe after one year, but questions remain.

During several field expeditions to the Hangay Mountains, scientists collected evidence that showed how the dome-shaped mountain range rose up. Credit: Pengfei Li

The Egersund dike system in Norway formed more than 600 million years ago, during the Ediacaran period. In new work, researchers drilled rock samples from the dike seen here to learn more about the history of Earth’s magnetic field. Credit: Yi Xue, CC BY 3.0

An archive of pilot whale tissue collected around the Faroe Islands has provided scientists with a decades-long record of how different per- or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulate in remote environments. Credit: Mirek237/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Credit: iStock.com/CasarsaGuru

New research suggests that sunlight, when combined with a photocatalyst and a specialized polymer, could be used to remove “forever chemicals” from drinking water. Credit: Richard Rydge/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Mining lithium from brine currently involves evaporating water in large pools to concentrate the lithium, requiring abundant water and land. Credit: NASA/METI/AIST/Japan Space Systems, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team

Several of the trenches dug by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander where oxychlorine salts were detected for the first time on Mars. Credit: NASA

Sediment cores collected by instruments such as this one on the back of R/V _Neil Armstrong_ shed light on how the North Atlantic Ocean of the last ice age circulated. Credit: Alice Carter-Champion

A moat of snow and ice meltwater formed around Jackfish Lake during the spring thaw transition period in May 2022. The purple-red color of the water comes from the presence of a cyanobacteria called _Planktothrix_. Credit: Amanda Little

The Moon’s farside is heavily cratered and mostly lacks the dark volcanic basins of the familiar nearside. The South Pole–Aitken basin, the oldest and largest crater on the Moon, is the large dark region near the bottom of this composite image from the Clementine spacecraft in the 1990s. Credit: NASA/JPL/USGS

The ammonia production plant at Ludwigshafen, Germany, has operated for more than a century. It was the first to use the Haber-Bosch process, which garnered Nobel Prizes for its inventor and developer, Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch. Today, plants including this one run by the chemical company BASF are seeking more renewable ways to produce ammonia. Credit: BASF SE